Reflections on Using Odds Ratios

Recently, I released Odds Ratio–based suggestions and reports, such as the example shown here.

The underlying concepts are straightforward:

  • If you are in an unhealthy range, the goal is to move out of that range.
  • If you are not in an unhealthy range but fall outside a defined healthy range, the goal is to move into the healthy range.

For healthy ranges, interpretation is simple—you are either too high or too low, so the direction of adjustment is clear.

  • If the range is 10%ile to 30 %ile and you are at 29%ile, should you increase or decrease?
  • If the range is 70%ile to 90 %ile and you are at 85%ile, should you increase or decrease?

Unhealthy ranges, however, are more nuanced.

For example:

  • If the unhealthy range is the 10th to 30th percentile and your value is at the 29th percentile, should you increase or decrease?
  • If the unhealthy range is the 70th to 90th percentile and your value is at the 85th percentile, should you increase or decrease?

The core issue is understanding why the range is considered unhealthy—specifically, whether the problem arises from having too little of something or too much.

  • Lactobacillus delbrueckii
    • Unhealthy: 0 – 45%ile
    • Healthy: 48%- 72%ile
  • Lactobacillus gasseri (A Surprise!): 0 -100%ile is Unhealthy
  • Lactobacillus johnsonii: 0 – 72%ile Healthy
  • Lactobacillus taiwanensis: 23-56%ile Unhealthy
  • Limosilactobacillus reuteri: 0-52%ile Unhealthy

The above numbers are slightly suspect because many are P > 0.002, so may not be significant.

ConfidenceBacteria this or less significantBacteria More Significant
P < 0.0012081 Ranges694 Ranges
P < 0.00012383 Ranges392 Ranges
P < 0.000012495280

A List of Families with high significance

It is interesting to note that neither Lactobacillaceae (Lactobacillus) nor Bifidobacteriaceae (Bifidobacterium) were found to be significant at this level. Nor were they at the genus level, only at the specific species level (see below)

tax_nameRangeNature
Anaplasmataceae0 to 75Unhealthy
Bartonellaceae0 to 79Unhealthy
Chlorobiaceae0 to 58Unhealthy
Chrysiogenaceae0 to 83Unhealthy
Clostridiales Family XVI. Incertae Sedis0 to 100Unhealthy
Comamonadaceae0 to 28Unhealthy
Comamonadaceae34 to 52Unhealthy
Cyanobacteriaceae21 to 99Unhealthy
Deinococcaceae0 to 46Unhealthy
Desulfonatronaceae0 to 50Unhealthy
Enterococcaceae0 to 66Healthy
Enterococcaceae68 to 71Unhealthy
Euzebyaceae13 to 100Unhealthy
Hyphomicrobiaceae0 to 87Unhealthy
Kiloniellaceae20 to 99Unhealthy
Legionellaceae0 to 100Unhealthy
Listeriaceae74 to 88Unhealthy
Litorivicinaceae0 to 18Unhealthy
Lysobacteraceae0 to 27Unhealthy
Methylophilaceae0 to 96Unhealthy
Nostocaceae14 to 88Unhealthy
Oxalobacteraceae0 to 30Unhealthy
Pseudanabaenaceae0 to 100Unhealthy
Shewanellaceae0 to 73Unhealthy
Sporolactobacillaceae0 to 100Unhealthy
Streptosporangiaceae53 to 88Unhealthy
Symbiobacteriaceae0 to 81Unhealthy
Synechococcaceae0 to 9Unhealthy
Synechococcaceae48 to 85Unhealthy
Thermoanaerobacterales Family III. Incertae Sedis3 to 50Unhealthy
Thiotrichaceae7 to 100Unhealthy
Weeksellaceae0 to 100Unhealthy

Significant Bifidobacterium Species

tax_nameRangeNature
Bifidobacterium adolescentis0 to 49Unhealthy
Bifidobacterium angulatum0 to 73Healthy
Bifidobacterium breve0 to 76Unhealthy
Bifidobacterium catenulatum0 to 100Healthy
Bifidobacterium dentium0 to 50Unhealthy
Bifidobacterium scardovii0 to 79Unhealthy

Significant Lactobacillus Species

tax_nameRangeNature
Lacticaseibacillus brantae33 to 70Unhealthy
Lactobacillus acidophilus0 to 76Unhealthy
Lactobacillus amylovorus0 to 100Unhealthy
Ligilactobacillus murinus0 to 100Unhealthy

Summary

I am hoping to expand the size of my “Healthy Samples” in the next weeks. This should improve the ranges and significance.

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