Odds Ratio Snapshot: Official Diagnosis: Mast Cell Dysfunction

Biomesight microbiome samples. The methodology for data acquisition is outlined in New Standards for Microbiome Analysis?. Self-described: Official Diagnosis: Mast Cell Dysfunction​

Tables have been refined to display only genus- and species-level taxa, the 20 most prominent entries per group, and associations achieving statistical significance (P < 0.01).

The following sections provide the processed data, accompanied by guidance on interpretation and application. Counts of significant bacterial taxa are included, reflecting the application of non-standard but rigorously validated statistical approaches to extensive sample and reference populations, where statistical power derives from dataset scale.

SignificanceGenus
p < 0.01131
p < 0.001118
p < 0.0001106
p < 0.0000194

Averages and Medians

I prefer medians over averages. Medians are the values where half of the people have less and half has more. If the data was a bell-curve, then the values will almost be the same… with bacteria that happens rarely. Look at the bacterua below, we see that for some the average is above and the median below. Should one increase or decrease this bacteria?

If symptom median is higher than reference median, it means there is more of this bacteria. If lower, then less. This ignores how often the bacteria is seen (we average only over reports).
IMHO using average value instead of median will often result in a worse situation for the patient

tax_nameRankSymptom AvarageReference AverageSymptom MedianReference Median
Phocaeicola doreispecies4.4642.8720.3990.92
Roseburiagenus3.0652.8331.7862.058
Sutterellagenus1.7111.6431.2591.022
Parabacteroides merdaespecies0.5580.750.3060.09
Clostridiumgenus1.9771.8561.3631.566
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicronspecies1.7541.0570.4640.659
Coprococcusgenus1.2711.4350.730.597
Mediterraneibactergenus1.1740.7060.2790.386
Bacteroides caccaespecies1.4510.8640.290.19
Bacteroides cellulosilyticusspecies1.260.8450.0760.158
Lachnospira pectinoschizaspecies0.670.6630.3340.257
Blautia obeumspecies0.5930.5720.2330.303
Bilophilagenus0.3630.350.2110.272
Hathewaya histolyticaspecies0.4260.2750.1560.205
Hathewayagenus0.4270.2760.1560.205
Sutterella wadsworthensisspecies0.8450.6550.0580.011
Veillonella cricetispecies0.2790.2370.1240.168
Bacteroides rodentiumspecies0.3380.3930.1870.231
Akkermansiagenus1.5821.3530.0530.011
Akkermansia muciniphilaspecies1.5821.3540.0530.011

Bacteria Incidence – How often is it reported

The common sense belief is that if a bacteria is reported more often, then the amount should be higher. This is often not true. The microbiome is a complex thing.

Nothing found that was significant

More or Less often based on Symptom Median All Incidence

This is a little more complex to understand. If we compute the mid point for people with the symptom, then if the bacteria was not involved then half of the reference should be above this value and half below this value. If not, it means that the symptom tends to over or under growth.

tax_nameRankSymptom MedianOdds RatioChi2BelowAbove
Sulfobacillus acidophilusspecies0.0020.3910.88433
Sulfobacillusgenus0.0020.3910.88433
Caldanaerobacter hydrothermalisspecies0.0020.439.89641
Caldanaerobactergenus0.0020.439.89641
Desulfotomaculum defluviispecies0.0030.568.11032578
Pelagicoccusgenus0.0020.577.4859490
Alkalibacteriumgenus0.0030.577.4907518
Hydrogenophilusgenus0.0030.587.31162670
Sporotomaculum syntrophicumspecies0.0030.596.81138668

More or Less often based on Reference Median All Incidence

This is like the above, but with a different line in the sand. Instead of the median of those with the condition, we use the median of the reference set.

tax_nameRankReference MedianOdds RatioChi2BelowAbove
Nostocgenus0.0030.34295.71214408
Bacillusgenus0.0060.43277.11954837
Erysipelothrixgenus0.0180.47250.123461111
Psychrobactergenus0.0030.39239.81254492
Sharpeagenus0.0250.42331278514
Methylobacillus glycogenesspecies0.0030.4232.71286519
Sharpea azabuensisspecies0.0250.41226.81264514
Methylobacillusgenus0.0030.42219.31287537
Erysipelothrix murisspecies0.0170.5218.722741130
Candidatus Tammella caduceiaespecies0.0030.41205.71155478
Paenibacillusgenus0.0030.39205.31016398
Candidatus Tammellagenus0.0030.42200.11170494
[Ruminococcus] torquesspecies0.040.51189.31921971
Holdemaniagenus0.0280.5318723151225
Streptococcus oralisspecies0.0030.47185.81453686
Amedibacillus dolichusspecies0.0240.5184.41759879
Amedibacillusgenus0.0240.51841758879
Haemophilus parainfluenzaespecies0.011.91173.710231952
Haemophilusgenus0.011.89170.310351959
Luteolibactergenus0.0150.46169.71177541

More or Less often based on Symptom Median High Incidence

Above we see that many of the top bacteria identified are sparse, that is not reported often. We then restrict them to those that occur above 50% or the time.

Nothing found that was significant

More or Less often based on Reference Median High Incidence

Above we see that many of the top bacteria identified are sparse, that is not reported often. We then restrict them to those that occur above 50% or the time.

tax_nameRankReference Median FreqOdds RatioChi2BelowAbove
Nostocgenus0.0030.34295.71214408
Bacillusgenus0.0060.43277.11954837
Erysipelothrixgenus0.0180.47250.123461111
Psychrobactergenus0.0030.39239.81254492
Sharpeagenus0.0250.42331278514
Methylobacillus glycogenesspecies0.0030.4232.71286519
Sharpea azabuensisspecies0.0250.41226.81264514
Methylobacillusgenus0.0030.42219.31287537
Erysipelothrix murisspecies0.0170.5218.722741130
Candidatus Tammella caduceiaespecies0.0030.41205.71155478
Paenibacillusgenus0.0030.39205.31016398
Candidatus Tammellagenus0.0030.42200.11170494
[Ruminococcus] torquesspecies0.040.51189.31921971
Holdemaniagenus0.0280.5318723151225
Streptococcus oralisspecies0.0030.47185.81453686
Amedibacillus dolichusspecies0.0240.5184.41759879
Amedibacillusgenus0.0240.51841758879
Haemophilus parainfluenzaespecies0.011.91173.710231952
Haemophilusgenus0.011.89170.310351959
Luteolibactergenus0.0150.46169.71177541

Summary

A large number of bacterial taxa exhibit shifts with P < 0.01 in association with this condition. The subsequent challenge is determining how to modulate these taxa, since the volume of candidates exceeds what most individuals can practically consider. Moreover, for many of the taxa identified, there is no published evidence in the U.S. National Library of Medicine describing how to alter their abundance.

A deep optimization model, such as the one implemented on the Microbiome Taxa R2 site, can be used to inform probiotic selection. This model provides coverage for each identified taxon and infers which probiotics are most likely to shift their levels. Its output may then be integrated with more conventional recommendations derived from literature indexed in the U.S. National Library of Medicine where such evidence exists, with the two recommendation sets reconciled by giving priority to probiotic-based suggestions.

Development of a dedicated database based on Biomesight samples is in progress. The current model uses data contributed by PrecisionBiome, and datasets generated with differing laboratory processing pipelines cannot be safely combined, as discussed in The taxonomy nightmare before Christmas…. Once the Biomesight-specific database is complete, an option for generating (offline-only) personalized suggestions will be added to the Microbiome Prescription website.

Probiotics Suggestions

The following are based on a simplified algorithm using R2 data for Biomesight. These are tentative numbers subject to future refinements. Bacteria listed are only for probiotics detected with Biomesight tests. Probiotics include some that are available only in some countries and some that are pending approval for retail sale.

  • Good Count: Number of bacteria expected to shift in desired direction
  • Bad Count: Number of bacteria expected to shift in wrong direction
  • Impact: Estimator of impact based on Chi-2, Slope and R2 vectors
Probiotic SpeciesImpactGood CountBad Count
Akkermansia muciniphila36.08186
Segatella copri32.7252
Bifidobacterium breve21.3185
Bifidobacterium longum19.0686
Bifidobacterium adolescentis14.3887
Lactobacillus helveticus9.114827
Streptococcus thermophilus7.9782
Lactobacillus johnsonii7.282226
Bifidobacterium bifidum4.3572
Bifidobacterium catenulatum4.2480
Parabacteroides goldsteinii4.1159
Bifidobacterium animalis1.9770
Lactococcus lactis1.162
Veillonella atypica1.02113
Clostridium butyricum0.9779
Limosilactobacillus vaginalis0.862029
Odoribacter laneus0.7620
Enterococcus durans0.71120
Limosilactobacillus fermentum0.11215
Leuconostoc mesenteroides-0.0737
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei-0.0729
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus-0.0902
Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum-0.156
Heyndrickxia coagulans-0.139
Ligilactobacillus salivarius-0.1416
Lactobacillus crispatus-0.1537
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-0.1904
Lactiplantibacillus pentosus-0.2104
Lacticaseibacillus casei-0.2107
Lactobacillus acidophilus-0.22812
Bacillus subtilis-0.26827
Limosilactobacillus reuteri-0.42516
Lactobacillus jensenii-1.411529
Pediococcus acidilactici-1.861732
Enterococcus faecium-2.58722
Enterococcus faecalis-9.412850
Parabacteroides distasonis-9.594
Blautia wexlerae-13.313
Escherichia coli-24.86112
Blautia hansenii-26.6576
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii-116.8333
Bacteroides uniformis-167.73111
Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron-178.11111

Comments on this Condition

Two of the above sections reported nothing significant found. This implies that the microbiome plays a secondary role. The bacteria shifts are more likely consequences of the condition than triggers of the condition. Regardless, there is a potential that the above probiotics may modify the severity of the condition.

It is unclear if the shifts are due to anti-histamine and other drugs usage.

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